Katukiza et al. (2026) weighed the domestic solid waste of 103 households in three Kampala parishes over one week. The chart below shows one dot per household: the kg of waste each person generates per day, grouped by the income level of the parish, with the median of each group. Waste per person rises with income, from a median of 0.32 kg in the low income parish to 0.93 kg in the high income parish. Hover over a dot to see that household.

households = transpose(households_data)
medians = transpose(medians_data)

// chart-1 and chart-2 from openwashdata/brand
palette = ["#8a3a8a", "#b04208"]

Plot.plot({
  width: Math.max(280, width),
  height: 360,
  marginLeft: 10,
  marginRight: 10,
  marginTop: 6,
  marginBottom: 40,
  style: {fontSize: 13, background: "transparent"},
  ariaLabel: "Dot plot of waste per person per day for 103 households in Kampala, one row per income level",
  ariaDescription: "The median rises from 0.32 kg in the low income parish to 0.57 in the middle income parish and 0.93 in the high income parish. Households spread from near zero to about 1.9 kg.",
  fy: {domain: label_order, axis: null, padding: 0.25},
  x: {label: "kg of waste per person per day", labelAnchor: "center", domain: [0, 2], grid: true, ticks: 5},
  marks: [
    Plot.dot(households, Plot.dodgeY("middle", {
      fy: "label",
      x: "per_capita",
      r: 3.6,
      fill: palette[0],
      fillOpacity: 0.75,
      stroke: "#ffffff",
      strokeWidth: 0.6,
      tip: true,
      title: (d) => `${d.household}\n${d.per_capita} kg per person per day\n${d.occupants} people, ${d.per_day} kg per day\n${d.label} (${d.parish})`
    })),
    Plot.ruleX(medians, {fy: "label", x: "median", stroke: palette[1], strokeWidth: 2}),
    Plot.text(medians, {
      fy: "label",
      x: "median",
      text: (d) => `median ${d.median} kg`,
      frameAnchor: "bottom",
      textAnchor: "start",
      dx: 5,
      dy: -1,
      fill: palette[1],
      fontWeight: 600
    }),
    // row titles last, with a halo so the median line does not cut through them
    Plot.text(medians, {
      fy: "label",
      text: (d) => `${d.label} (${d.parish}), ${d.n} households`,
      frameAnchor: "top-left",
      dx: 2,
      dy: -2,
      fontWeight: 700,
      fill: "#1e1e1e",
      stroke: "#ffffff",
      strokeWidth: 5
    })
  ]
})

The chart is adapted from the dataset of the month on openwashdata.org. For the full analysis, see the paper:

Katukiza, A. Y., Niwagaba, C. B., Feni, I., Namagembe, S., Semiyaga, S., Batte, A., & Manga, M. (2026). Quantity and composition of domestic solid waste in Kampala City as influenced by socioeconomic factors. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2026.1889921

Waste per person by income