kalaiwash: Household water insecurity and drinking water service levels from the KALAI project in Nampula, Mozambique

Baseline (November 2024) and endline (June 2025) household survey data from the KALAI water, sanitation and hygiene project of HELVETAS in Larde, Memba, Moma and Mecuburi districts, Nampula Province, Mozambique. Each row is one household interview. Variables cover the primary drinking water source and its WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) service level, water collection times and volumes, sanitation and handwashing practices, and the 12 items of the Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale with the summary score (0 to 36) and insecurity level. The HWISE items are ordered factors whose levels refer to the number of times in the last four weeks: Never (0), Rarely (1 to 2), Sometimes (3 to 10), Often (11 to 20) and Always (more than 20). Derived variables were recalculated in R from the raw survey responses and checked against the original Excel calculations; see data-raw/data_processing.R.

Usage

kalaiwash

Format

A tibble with 275 rows and 34 variables

survey_date

Date of the interview

survey_type

Survey round: Baseline (November 2024) or Endline (June 2025)

district

District of Nampula Province where the household is located

community

Name of village

gender

Whether the respondent is male or female

household_size

The number of people living and eating together in the household including the respondent

source

Household's primary drinking water source

collect_yesterday

If anyone in the household collected drinking water yesterday

total_liters

Total liters collected in past 24 hours, derived from the number of 25, 20, 15, 10 and 5 liter containers used to collect water yesterday

oneway_travel

Estimate of how long household member had to walk to get to the water source in minutes (not round-trip)

wait_time

The last time household member went to the source, estimate of how long to wait to collect water from the source in minutes

total_collect_time

Total collection time in minutes: twice the one-way walk (oneway_travel) plus the wait time (wait_time)

satisfied

Whether the respondent is satisfied with the water service

notsatisfied_why

Why not satisfied with your water service

defecation_place

The places that adult men and women in this household defecate

handwash_demo

Willing to show where and how handwashing happens

soap_ash

Household demo uses soap or ash or another cleanser to wash hands

water_wash

Household demo uses water to wash hands

jmp_improved

If the Water source is "improved" or "unimproved" according to the JMP classification, derived from source: Improved for borehole with handpump, protected dug well (with or without handpump), public tap or standpipe, mechanized borehole, protected spring and piped water; Unimproved otherwise

jmp_water_service

JMP drinking water service level derived from source and total_collect_time: Surface water; Unimproved (other unimproved source); Limited (improved source, total collection time over 30 minutes); Basic (improved source, total collection time of 30 minutes or less)

hwise_worry

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently did you or anyone in your household worry you would not have enough water for all of your household needs?

hwise_interrupt

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently has your main water source been interrupted or limited (e.g. water pressure, less water than expected, river dried up)?

hwise_clothes

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have problems with water meant that clothes could not be washed?

hwise_change_plans

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have you or anyone in your household had to change schedules or plans due to problems with your water situation? (e.g. caring for others, household chores, agricultural work, IGA, sleeping)

hwise_change_meal

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have you or anyone in your household had to change what was being eaten because there were problems with water (e.g., for washing foods, cooking, etc.)?

hwise_nohandwash

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have you or anyone in your household had to go without washing hands after dirty activities (e.g., defecating or changing diapers, cleaning animal dung) because of problems with water?

hwise_no_bodywash

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have you or anyone in your household had to go without washing their body because of problems with water (e.g., not enough water, dirty, unsafe)?

hwise_drinking

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently has there not been as much water to drink as you would like for you or anyone in your household?

hwise_angry

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently did you or anyone in your household feel angry about your water situation?

hwise_sleepthirsty

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently have you or anyone in your household gone to sleep thirsty because there wasn’t any water to drink?

hwise_nowater

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently has there been no useable or drinkable water whatsoever in your household?

hwise_shame

In the last 4 weeks, how frequently did you or anyone in your household feel ashamed/excluded/stigmatized?

hwise_score

Sum of the 12 HWISE items scored Never 0, Rarely 1, Sometimes 2, Often or Always 3; range 0 to 36

hwise_insecurity_level

Water insecurity level from hwise_score: 0 to 2 "No-to-marginal", 3 to 11 "Low", 12 to 23 "Moderate", 24 to 36 "High"